Soil, a vital and complex ecosystem, faces global contamination from unsustainable human activities, posing significant threats to ecological functions and ecosystem services. Traditional physicochemical remediation methods are often costly and environmentally destructive. Consequently, there's a growing focus on developing sustainable and innovative biological approaches aimed at effectively removing pollutants, reducing toxicity, minimizing risks to human and environmental health, and restoring soil health and associated ecosystem services in an economical and cost-effective manner. This paper provides a comprehensive review of promising and novel biological methods for soil remediation. The primary methods discussed include phytoremediation, bioremediation using microorganisms, and vermiremediation. The mechanisms of action for each of these methods are examined, including the ability of plants to absorb and stabilize contaminants, the metabolic capabilities of microorganisms, and the role of earthworms in improving soil quality and decomposing pollutants. The challenge of mixed contamination, which involves the simultaneous presence of inorganic and organic pollutants in the soil, is also highlighted as a major obstacle to remediation. This type of pollution can significantly reduce the efficiency of individual cleanup technologies. To overcome this complexity, promising solutions are being evaluated, such as integrated approaches that combine biological and physicochemical methods, as well as the use of soil amendments and nanotechnologies. Finally, this review emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive evaluation of remediation effectiveness. This assessment should not only measure the reduction of pollutants but also include the restoration of overall soil health and the return of ecosystem services. Compliance with environmental regulations and the feasibility of cost-effective implementation are key factors in the long-term acceptance and success of these technologies. This review provides key information for researchers and environmental specialists, offering a deeper understanding of the potential and limitations of bioremediation technologies.